Process（流程）是为实现特定业务目标而设计的步骤集合，通过提供服务或产品，为客户创造价值。每个流程由一系列有序的活动组成，这些活动共同完成一个整体目标，旨在提升效率、优化决策，并促进跨团队协作。
在Microsoft Semantic Kernel框架中，Process Framework是一种强大的自动化解决方案，用于管理复杂工作流。该框架通过调用用户定义的Kernel Functions，将AI无缝嵌入业务流程，与现有系统和代码紧密集成，显著增强工作流的灵活性和智能化。
该框架采用事件驱动模型，管理流程执行。每个步骤明确定义输入和输出，支持事件与元数据的触发机制，确保高效流转。同时，通过模块化设计，流程和步骤可以跨应用重用，支持扩展性。框架还通过开放遥测（Open Telemetry）实现流程的全面控制与可审计性，确保透明性与可靠性。
关键概念包括：
- Process（流程）：实现特定客户目标的任务集合。
- Step（步骤）：流程中的基本活动，具有明确输入与输出。
- Pattern（模式）：定义步骤的执行顺序，确保流程完整运行。
通过Process Framework，企业能够构建智能、响应迅速的工作流，大幅提升生产力和运营效率，实现业务流程的现代化与智能化。
下面是一个正向的用Mermaid组织的行程流程：
```Mermaidflowchart A[Start] --> B[提取用户信息] B --> C{预订机票} C -- 是 --> D{预订酒店} C -- 否 --> E[发邮件提醒] D --> F{预订用车} D --> G[发邮件提醒] F -- 是 --> H[生成行程单] F -- 否 --> I[发邮件提醒] H --> I[订单完成] I --> J[End]```具体图像如下：
如果用SK的Process实现如下：
#pragma warning disable SKEXP0080 using Microsoft.SemanticKernel;using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.ChatCompletion;using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.Connectors.OpenAI;using System.Reflection;using System.Text.Json.Serialization;var process = new ProcessBuilder("Trip");var getCustomerStep = process.AddStepFromType<GetCustomerStep>();var tripAirStep = process.AddStepFromType<TripAirTicketProcessStep>();var tripHotelStep = process.AddStepFromType<TripHotelProcessStep>();var tripCarStep = process.AddStepFromType<TripCarProcessStep>();var mailServiceStep = process.AddStepFromType<MailServiceStep>();var tripCompleteStep = process.AddStepFromType<TripCompleteStep>();var stopProcessStep = process.AddStepFromType<StopProcessStep>();process.OnInputEvent(TripEvents.StartProcess) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(getCustomerStep, GetCustomerStep.Functions.GetCustomer));getCustomerStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.GetCustomer) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(tripAirStep, TripAirTicketProcessStep.Functions.TripAirTicket, parameterName: "customer"));tripAirStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.TripAirTicketSuccess) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(tripHotelStep, TripHotelProcessStep.Functions.TripHotel));tripAirStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.TripAirTicketFail) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(mailServiceStep, MailServiceStep.Functions.SendMailToUserWithDetails, parameterName: "message"));tripHotelStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.TripHotelSuccess) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(tripCarStep, TripCarProcessStep.Functions.TripCar));tripHotelStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.TripHotelFail) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(mailServiceStep, MailServiceStep.Functions.SendMailToUserWithDetails, parameterName: "message"));tripCarStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.TripCarSuccess) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(tripCompleteStep, TripCompleteStep.Functions.TripComplete));tripCarStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.TripCarFail) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(mailServiceStep, MailServiceStep.Functions.SendMailToUserWithDetails, parameterName: "message"));tripCompleteStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.TripCompleted) .SendEventTo(new ProcessFunctionTargetBuilder(stopProcessStep, StopProcessStep.Functions.StopProcess));stopProcessStep .OnEvent(TripEvents.StopProcess) .StopProcess();var kernelProcess = process.Build();Kernel kernel = CreateKernelWithChatCompletion();while (true){ Console.WriteLine("请输入用户id:"); var id = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); using var runningProcess = await kernelProcess.StartAsync(kernel, new KernelProcessEvent() { Id = TripEvents.StartProcess, Data = id });}Kernel CreateKernelWithChatCompletion(){ Kernel kernel = Kernel.CreateBuilder() .AddOpenAIChatCompletion( modelId: "gpt-4o", apiKey: File.ReadAllText("c:/gpt/key.txt")) .Build(); return kernel;}public static class TripEvents{ //开始Process public static readonly string StartProcess = nameof(StartProcess); public static readonly string GetCustomer = nameof(GetCustomer); public static readonly string TripAirTicketSuccess = nameof(TripAirTicketSuccess); public static readonly string TripAirTicketFail = nameof(TripAirTicketFail); public static readonly string TripHotelSuccess = nameof(TripHotelSuccess); public static readonly string TripHotelFail = nameof(TripHotelFail); public static readonly string TripCarSuccess = nameof(TripCarSuccess); public static readonly string TripCarFail = nameof(TripCarFail); // 邮件服务已发送 public static readonly string MailServiceSent = nameof(MailServiceSent); public static readonly string TripCompleted = nameof(TripCompleted); public static readonly string StopProcess = nameof(StopProcess);}//public class BaseProcessStep : KernelProcessStep<InputState>//{// public override ValueTask ActivateAsync(KernelProcessStepState<InputState> state)// {// return base.ActivateAsync(state);// }//}//public record InputState//{// public string Input { get; init; }//}public class GetCustomerStep : KernelProcessStep{ public static class Functions { public const string GetCustomer = nameof(GetCustomer); } [KernelFunction(Functions.GetCustomer)] public async Task GetCustomerStepAsync(KernelProcessStepContext context, int id, Kernel _kernel) { Console.WriteLine($"【查询客户】开始,id={id}"); var customers = new List<CustomerForm>() { new CustomerForm() { UserFirstName = "张", UserLastName = "三", UserDateOfBirth = "1990-01-01", UserState = "上海", UserPhoneNumber = "13800000000", UserId = 1, UserEmail = "", State = "1" }, new CustomerForm() { UserFirstName = "李", UserLastName = "四", UserDateOfBirth = "1990-01-01", UserState = "上海", UserPhoneNumber = "13800000000", UserId = 2, UserEmail = "", State = "2" }, new CustomerForm() { UserFirstName = "王", UserLastName = "五", UserDateOfBirth = "1990-01-01", UserState = "上海", UserPhoneNumber = "13800000000", UserId = 3, UserEmail = "", State = "3" }, new CustomerForm() { UserFirstName = "赵", UserLastName = "六", UserDateOfBirth = "1990-01-01", UserState = "上海", UserPhoneNumber = "13800000000", UserId = 4, UserEmail = "", State = "4" } }; var customer = customers.SingleOrDefault(s => s.UserId == id); Console.WriteLine($"【查询客户】成功:{customer}"); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.GetCustomer, Data = customer, Visibility = KernelProcessEventVisibility.Public }); }}public class TripAirTicketProcessStep : KernelProcessStep{ public static class Functions { public const string TripAirTicket = nameof(TripAirTicket); } [KernelFunction(Functions.TripAirTicket)] public async Task TripAirTicketAsync(KernelProcessStepContext context, CustomerForm customer, Kernel _kernel) { Console.WriteLine($"【机票预订】开始，姓名：{customer.UserFirstName}{customer.UserLastName}"); var chat = _kernel.GetRequiredService<IChatCompletionService>(); var chatHistory = new ChatHistory(); chatHistory.AddUserMessage("生成一个国际航班的时刻表，标题是“| 航班号 | 出发地 | 目的地 | 出发时间 | 到达时间 | 航空公司 |”，只返回表格，不返回其他任何信息"); var chatResult = chat.GetStreamingChatMessageContentsAsync(chatHistory); await foreach (var item in chatResult) { Console.Write(item); } Console.WriteLine(); if (customer.State == "1") { Console.WriteLine("【机票预订】失败"); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.TripAirTicketFail, Data = "我们遗憾地通知您，机票预订失败！", Visibility = KernelProcessEventVisibility.Public, }); return; } Console.WriteLine("【机票预订】成功"); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.TripAirTicketSuccess, Data = customer, Visibility = KernelProcessEventVisibility.Public }); }}public class TripHotelProcessStep : KernelProcessStep{ public static class Functions { public const string TripHotel = nameof(TripHotel); } [KernelFunction(Functions.TripHotel)] public async Task TripHotelAsync(KernelProcessStepContext context, CustomerForm customer, Kernel _kernel) { Console.WriteLine($"【酒店预订】开始，姓名：{customer.UserFirstName}{customer.UserLastName}"); if (customer.State == "2") { Console.WriteLine("【酒店预订】失败"); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.TripHotelFail, Data = "我们遗憾地通知您，酒店预订失败！", Visibility = KernelProcessEventVisibility.Public, }); return; } Console.WriteLine("【酒店预订】成功"); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.TripHotelSuccess, Data = customer, Visibility = KernelProcessEventVisibility.Public }); }}public class TripCarProcessStep : KernelProcessStep{ public static class Functions { public const string TripCar = nameof(TripCar); } [KernelFunction(Functions.TripCar)] public async Task TripCarAsync(KernelProcessStepContext context, CustomerForm customer, Kernel _kernel) { Console.WriteLine($"【租车预订】开始，姓名：{customer.UserFirstName}{customer.UserLastName}"); if (customer.State == "3") { Console.WriteLine("【租车预订】失败"); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.TripCarFail, Data = "我们遗憾地通知您，租车预订失败！", Visibility = KernelProcessEventVisibility.Public, }); return; } Console.WriteLine("【租车预订】成功"); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.TripCarSuccess, Data = customer, Visibility = KernelProcessEventVisibility.Public }); }}public class TripCompleteStep : KernelProcessStep{ public static class Functions { public const string TripComplete = nameof(TripComplete); } [KernelFunction(Functions.TripComplete)] public async Task TripCompleteAsync(KernelProcessStepContext context, CustomerForm customer, Kernel _kernel) { Console.WriteLine("【总预订】成功"); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.TripCompleted, Data = true, Visibility = KernelProcessEventVisibility.Public }); }}public class StopProcessStep : KernelProcessStep{ public static class Functions { public const string StopProcess = nameof(StopProcess); } [KernelFunction(Functions.StopProcess)] public async Task StopProcessAsync(KernelProcessStepContext context, bool result, Kernel _kernel) { Console.WriteLine("全部结束"); await Task.Delay(10); }}public class MailServiceStep : KernelProcessStep{ public static class Functions { public const string SendMailToUserWithDetails = nameof(SendMailToUserWithDetails); } [KernelFunction(Functions.SendMailToUserWithDetails)] public async Task SendMailServiceAsync(KernelProcessStepContext context, string message) { Console.WriteLine("======== 邮件服务 ======== "); Console.WriteLine(message); Console.WriteLine("============================== "); await context.EmitEventAsync(new() { Id = TripEvents.StopProcess, Data = false }); }}public class CustomerForm{ [JsonPropertyName("userFirstName")] public string UserFirstName { get; set; } = string.Empty; [JsonPropertyName("userLastName")] public string UserLastName { get; set; } = string.Empty; [JsonPropertyName("userDateOfBirth")] public string UserDateOfBirth { get; set; } = string.Empty; [JsonPropertyName("userState")] public string UserState { get; set; } = string.Empty; [JsonPropertyName("userPhoneNumber")] public string UserPhoneNumber { get; set; } = string.Empty; [JsonPropertyName("userId")] public int UserId { get; set; } [JsonPropertyName("userEmail")] public string UserEmail { get; set; } = string.Empty; [JsonPropertyName("state")] public string State { get; set; } = string.Empty; public override string ToString() { return $"姓名：{UserFirstName}{UserLastName}，生日：{UserDateOfBirth}，电话：{UserPhoneNumber}，邮箱：{UserEmail}，状态：{State}"; }}运行结果如下：
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